Rhodium (Rh)
General Properties
| Symbol | Rh |
|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 45 |
| Atomic Weight | 102.9055 |
| Group |
9 (cobalt family)
VIIIA (IUPAC), VIII (CAS)
Solid, Paramagnetic, Conductor, Transition Metal, Metal, Stable, Natural
|
| Period | 5 |
| Block | d |
Physical Properties
| Density | 12.4 g/cm3 |
|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 8.3 cm3/mole |
| Atomic Radius | 1.34 angstroms |
| Covalent Radius | 135 pm |
| Crust Abundance | 7E-8% |
| Crystal Structure | Cubic: Face centered |
| Color | Silver |
States
| Melting Point | 1966.0 °C |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 3727.0 °C |
| Heat of Fusion | 21.76 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 495.39 kJ/mol |
Energy
| Electronegativity | 2.3 (Pauling Scale) |
|---|---|
| Electron Affinity | 109.7 kJ/mol |
| 1st Ionization Energy | 720 kJ/mol |
| 2. Ionization Energy | 1740 kJ/mol |
| 3. Ionization Energy | 2997 kJ/mol |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.242 J g−1 K−1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 150.0 W·m−1·K−1 |
Electrons & Oxidation
| Oxidation States | +3,4,6 |
|---|---|
| Electrons Per Shell | 2 8 18 16 1 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d8 5s1 |
| 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d8 5s1 | |
|
Orbital Diagram
1s ↿⇂ 2s ↿⇂ 2p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 3s ↿⇂ 3p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 3d ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 4s ↿⇂ 4p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 4d ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿ 4f 5s ↿ 5p 5d 5f |
|
Nuclear
| Radioactive | No |
|---|
Media
- Description
- Hard, silvery-white metal
- Uses
- Used as a coating to prevent wear on high quality science equipment and with platinum to make thermocouples.
- Sources
- Obtained as a by-product of nickel production.
- Pronounciation (English)
- RO-di-em
Translations
| Afrikaans | Rhodium | |
| Aragonese | Rodio | |
| العربية | روديوم | |
| Armãneashte | Rodiumu | |
| asturianu | Rodiu | |
| azərbaycan | Rodium | |
| български | Родий | |
| বাংলা | রোডিয়াম | |
| brezhoneg | Rodiom | |
| bosanski | Rodij[um] | |
| Byelorussian | Родый | |
| Cebuano | Rodyo | |
| čeština | Rhodium | |
| Chuvash | Роди | |
| Cymraeg | Rodi | |
| dansk | Rhodium | |
| Deutsch | Rhodium | |
| Ελληνικά | Ροδιο | |
| English | Rhodium | |
| esperanto | Rodio | |
| español | Rodio | |
| eesti | Roodium | |
| euskara | Rodioa | |
| فارسی | رودیم | |
| suomi | Rodium | |
| føroyskt | Rodium | |
| français | Rhodium | |
| furlan | Rodi | |
| Frysk | Rhodium | |
| Gaeilge | Róidiam | |
| Gàidhlig | Ròidiam | |
| galego | Rodio | |
| ગુજરાતી | રોડિયમનો | |
| Gaelg | Roydjum | |
| Hakka Chinese | Ló (銠) | |
| עברית | רודיום | |
| हिन्दी | रोडियम | |
| hrvatski | Rodij | |
| magyar | Ródium | |
| հայերեն | Ռոդիում | |
| Indonesia | Rodium | |
| íslenska | Ródín | |
| italiano | Rodio | |
| 日本語 | ロジウム | |
| ქართული | როდიუმი | |
| کٲشُر | Ród | |
| қазақ тілі | Родий | |
| 한국어 | 로듐 | |
| kurdî | Rodyûm | |
| Komi | Родий | |
| kernewek | Rhodyum | |
| кыргызча | Родий | |
| Latin | Rhodium | |
| Lëtzebuergesch | Rhodium | |
| Lombard | Ròdi | |
| lingála | Lodu | |
| lietuvių | Rodis | |
| latviešu | Rodijs | |
| Mari | Родий | |
| Māori | Rhodium | |
| македонски | Родиум | |
| മലയാളം | റോഡിയം | |
| монгол | Роди | |
| Мокшан | Роди | |
| Melayu | Rodium | |
| Malti | Rodju[m] | |
| Nahuatl | Rodio | |
| Nederlands | Rhodium | |
| norsk | Rhodium | |
| Occitan | Ròdi | |
| ирон | Родий | |
| polski | Rod | |
| português | Ródio | |
| Runasimi | Rodyu | |
| română | Rodiu | |
| русский | Родий | |
| slovenčina | Ródium | |
| slovenščina | Rodij | |
| Samoan | Rodimi | |
| Samogitian | Ruodis | |
| shqip | Rodium, ²Rhodiumi | |
| српски | Родијум | |
| Southern Sotho | Rhodiamo | |
| svenska | Rodium | |
| Kiswahili | Rodi | |
| தமிழ் | ரோடியம் | |
| тоҷикӣ | Родий | |
| ไทย | โรเดียม | |
| Türkçe | Rodyum | |
| ئۇيغۇرچە | رودىي | |
| українська | Родій | |
| o‘zbek | Rodiy | |
| Tiếng Việt | Rođi | |
| Võro | Roodium | |
| 中文 | 銠 |
History
- Discovered In
- 1803
- Discovered By
- William Hyde Wollaston
- Discovered At
- England
- Word Origin
- From the Greek word "rhodon" meaning "rose"